using QYZH.InteractiveMagazine.Infrastructure.RabbitMQ; namespace QYZH.InteractiveMagazine.WorkService.Consumers; /// /// RabbitMQ 消费者后台服务,自动发现并启动所有已注册的 IQueueConsumer /// public class RabbitMQHostedService : BackgroundService { private readonly IServiceProvider _serviceProvider; private readonly ILogger _logger; public RabbitMQHostedService(IServiceProvider serviceProvider, ILogger logger) { _serviceProvider = serviceProvider; _logger = logger; } protected override async Task ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken stoppingToken) { using var scope = _serviceProvider.CreateScope(); var consumers = scope.ServiceProvider.GetServices().ToList(); if (consumers.Count == 0) { _logger.LogWarning("未注册任何队列消费者"); return; } _logger.LogInformation("发现 {Count} 个队列消费者,开始启动...", consumers.Count); var tasks = consumers.Select(c => StartConsumerAsync(c, stoppingToken)).ToList(); await Task.WhenAll(tasks); } private async Task StartConsumerAsync(IQueueConsumer queueConsumer, CancellationToken stoppingToken) { var queueName = queueConsumer.QueueName; var exchange = queueConsumer.Exchange; var routingKey = queueConsumer.RoutingKey; _logger.LogInformation("正在启动消费者: {QueueName}, Exchange: {Exchange}, RoutingKey: {RoutingKey}", queueName, exchange, routingKey); try { var rabbitMQService = _serviceProvider.GetRequiredService(); await rabbitMQService.ReceiveAsync(exchange, queueName, routingKey, async (channel, ea) => { // 声明死信队列及绑定(幂等操作,确保DLQ存在) var dlqName = $"{queueName}.dlq"; var dlqRoutingKey = $"{routingKey}.dlq"; await channel.QueueDeclareAsync(queue: dlqName, durable: true, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false, arguments: null); await channel.QueueBindAsync(queue: dlqName, exchange: exchange, routingKey: dlqRoutingKey, arguments: null); // 每条消息创建独立 scope,确保消费者内可注入 Scoped 服务 using var messageScope = _serviceProvider.CreateScope(); var consumer = messageScope.ServiceProvider .GetServices() .First(c => c.QueueName == queueName); try { await consumer.HandleAsync(ea.Body.ToArray()); await channel.BasicAckAsync(ea.DeliveryTag, false, stoppingToken); } catch (Exception ex) { _logger.LogError(ex, "消费者 {QueueName} 处理消息异常", queueName); // 发送到死信队列,成功则从主队列移除,失败则重新入队 var dlqSent = await SendToDeadLetterQueueAsync(exchange, dlqName, dlqRoutingKey, ea.Body.ToArray(), stoppingToken); await channel.BasicNackAsync(ea.DeliveryTag, false, !dlqSent, stoppingToken); if (dlqSent) { _logger.LogInformation("消息已转入死信队列 {DlqName}", dlqName); } try { await consumer.OnErrorAsync(ea.Body.ToArray(), ex); } catch (Exception errorEx) { _logger.LogError(errorEx, "消费者 {QueueName} OnErrorAsync 执行异常", queueName); } } }, stoppingToken); } catch (OperationCanceledException) { _logger.LogInformation("消费者 {QueueName} 已停止", queueName); } catch (Exception ex) { _logger.LogError(ex, "消费者 {QueueName} 启动失败", queueName); } } /// /// 将失败消息发送到死信队列 /// private async Task SendToDeadLetterQueueAsync(string exchange, string dlqName, string dlqRoutingKey, byte[] body, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { try { var rabbitMQConnection = _serviceProvider.GetRequiredService(); using var channel = await rabbitMQConnection.CreateChannel(); await channel.QueueDeclareAsync(queue: dlqName, durable: true, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false, arguments: null); await channel.QueueBindAsync(queue: dlqName, exchange: exchange, routingKey: dlqRoutingKey, arguments: null); var properties = new RabbitMQ.Client.BasicProperties { Persistent = true }; await channel.BasicPublishAsync(exchange, dlqRoutingKey, false, properties, body, cancellationToken); _logger.LogInformation("消息已发送到死信队列: {DlqName}", dlqName); return true; } catch (Exception ex) { _logger.LogError(ex, "发送消息到死信队列 {DlqName} 失败", dlqName); return false; } } }