using QYZH.InteractiveMagazine.Infrastructure.RabbitMQ;
namespace QYZH.InteractiveMagazine.WorkService.Consumers;
///
/// RabbitMQ 消费者后台服务,自动发现并启动所有已注册的 IQueueConsumer
///
public class RabbitMQHostedService : BackgroundService
{
private readonly IServiceProvider _serviceProvider;
private readonly ILogger _logger;
public RabbitMQHostedService(IServiceProvider serviceProvider, ILogger logger)
{
_serviceProvider = serviceProvider;
_logger = logger;
}
protected override async Task ExecuteAsync(CancellationToken stoppingToken)
{
using var scope = _serviceProvider.CreateScope();
var consumers = scope.ServiceProvider.GetServices().ToList();
if (consumers.Count == 0)
{
_logger.LogWarning("未注册任何队列消费者");
return;
}
_logger.LogInformation("发现 {Count} 个队列消费者,开始启动...", consumers.Count);
var tasks = consumers.Select(c => StartConsumerAsync(c, stoppingToken)).ToList();
await Task.WhenAll(tasks);
}
private async Task StartConsumerAsync(IQueueConsumer queueConsumer, CancellationToken stoppingToken)
{
var queueName = queueConsumer.QueueName;
var exchange = queueConsumer.Exchange;
var routingKey = queueConsumer.RoutingKey;
_logger.LogInformation("正在启动消费者: {QueueName}, Exchange: {Exchange}, RoutingKey: {RoutingKey}", queueName, exchange, routingKey);
try
{
var rabbitMQService = _serviceProvider.GetRequiredService();
await rabbitMQService.ReceiveAsync(exchange, queueName, routingKey, async (channel, ea) =>
{
// 声明死信队列及绑定(幂等操作,确保DLQ存在)
var dlqName = $"{queueName}.dlq";
var dlqRoutingKey = $"{routingKey}.dlq";
await channel.QueueDeclareAsync(queue: dlqName, durable: true, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);
await channel.QueueBindAsync(queue: dlqName, exchange: exchange, routingKey: dlqRoutingKey, arguments: null);
// 每条消息创建独立 scope,确保消费者内可注入 Scoped 服务
using var messageScope = _serviceProvider.CreateScope();
var consumer = messageScope.ServiceProvider
.GetServices()
.First(c => c.QueueName == queueName);
try
{
await consumer.HandleAsync(ea.Body.ToArray(), stoppingToken);
await channel.BasicAckAsync(ea.DeliveryTag, false, stoppingToken);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "消费者 {QueueName} 处理消息异常", queueName);
// 发送到死信队列,成功则从主队列移除,失败则重新入队
var dlqSent = await SendToDeadLetterQueueAsync(exchange, dlqName, dlqRoutingKey, queueName, ea.Body.ToArray(), ex, stoppingToken);
await channel.BasicNackAsync(ea.DeliveryTag, false, !dlqSent, stoppingToken);
if (dlqSent)
{
_logger.LogInformation("消息已转入死信队列 {DlqName}", dlqName);
}
try
{
await consumer.OnErrorAsync(ea.Body.ToArray(), ex);
}
catch (Exception errorEx)
{
_logger.LogError(errorEx, "消费者 {QueueName} OnErrorAsync 执行异常", queueName);
}
}
}, stoppingToken);
}
catch (OperationCanceledException)
{
_logger.LogInformation("消费者 {QueueName} 已停止", queueName);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "消费者 {QueueName} 启动失败", queueName);
}
}
///
/// 将失败消息发送到死信队列
///
private async Task SendToDeadLetterQueueAsync(string exchange, string dlqName, string dlqRoutingKey, string originalQueueName, byte[] body, Exception exception, CancellationToken cancellationToken)
{
try
{
var rabbitMQConnection = _serviceProvider.GetRequiredService();
using var channel = await rabbitMQConnection.CreateChannel();
await channel.QueueDeclareAsync(queue: dlqName, durable: true, exclusive: false, autoDelete: false, arguments: null);
await channel.QueueBindAsync(queue: dlqName, exchange: exchange, routingKey: dlqRoutingKey, arguments: null);
var properties = new RabbitMQ.Client.BasicProperties
{
Persistent = true,
Headers = new Dictionary
{
["x-original-queue"] = originalQueueName,
["x-error-type"] = exception.GetType().FullName,
["x-error-message"] = exception.Message,
["x-failed-at"] = DateTimeOffset.UtcNow.ToString("O")
}
};
await channel.BasicPublishAsync(exchange, dlqRoutingKey, false, properties, body, cancellationToken);
_logger.LogInformation("消息已发送到死信队列: {DlqName}", dlqName);
return true;
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
_logger.LogError(ex, "发送消息到死信队列 {DlqName} 失败", dlqName);
return false;
}
}
}